Vitamin B12 deficiency causes signs and symptoms with treatment .

                Vitamin B12 deficiency .

Vitamin B12 deficiency occurs when the body doesn't get enough of this essential nutrient, which plays a crucial role in nerve function, red blood cell production, and DNA synthesis. It can lead to various symptoms and health issues if left untreated.

Common causes of Vitamin B12 deficiency include:

1. Dietary insufficiency: Mainly affects vegetarians or vegans since B12 is found in animal products (meat, dairy, eggs, etc.).

2. Absorption problems: Conditions like pernicious anemia, celiac disease, or Crohn's disease can affect the body's ability to absorb B12 from food.

3. Age: Older adults often have a reduced ability to absorb B12.

4. Medications: Certain drugs (like proton pump inhibitors or metformin) can interfere with B12 absorption.

Symptoms of B12 deficiency:

Fatigue or weakness

Pale or jaundiced skin

Numbness or tingling, especially in the hands and feet

Memory problems or difficulty concentrating

Difficulty walking or balance issues

Shortness of breath and dizziness

Glossitis (inflamed, swollen tongue)

Vision problems due to nerve damage

Mood changes, such as depression or irritability

Treatment:

Dietary changes: Eating more animal-based foods or fortified products (like cereals, plant milks, etc.).

B12 supplements: Available in oral, sublingual (under the tongue), or injection forms.

Addressing underlying health conditions: Managing conditions that affect B12 absorption.

If you're concerned about a B12 deficiency, it's important to consult a healthcare provider for diagnosis and appropriate treatment.